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Albert Hamilton Fish (May
19, 1870 – January 16, 1936) was an American sado-masochistic
serial killer and cannibal. He was also known as the
Gray Man, the Werewolf of Wysteria and
possibly the Brooklyn Vampire.
He boasted
that he had "had children in every State," putting
the figure at around 100, although it is not clear
whether he was talking about molestation or
cannibalization, less still as to whether it was
true or not. He was a suspect in at least five
killings in his lifetime. Fish confessed to three
murders that police were able to trace to a known
homicide, and confessed to stabbing at least two
other people. He was put on trial for the kidnap and
murder of Grace Budd, and was convicted and executed
via electric chair.
Biography
Early life
He was born as Hamilton Fish in
Washington, D.C., to Randall Fish (1795-1875). He
said he had been named after Hamilton Fish, a
distant relative. His father was 43 years older than
his mother. Fish was the youngest child and he had
three living siblings: Walter, Annie, and Edwin Fish.
He wished to be called "Albert" after a dead sibling,
and to escape the nickname 'Ham and Eggs' that he
was given at an orphanage in which he spent many of
his early years.
Many members of his family had
mental illness, and one suffered from religious
mania. His father was a river boat captain, but by
1870 he was a fertilizer manufacturer. The elder
Fish died of a heart attack at the Sixth Street
Station of the Pennsylvania Railroad in 1875 in
Washington, D.C. Fish's mother put him into an
orphanage. He was frequently whipped and beaten
there, and eventually discovered that he enjoyed
physical pain. The beatings would often give him
erections, for which the other orphans teased him.
By 1879, his mother got a
government job and was able to look after him.
However, his various experiences before this had
affected him. He started a homosexual relationship
in 1882, at the age of 12, with a telegraph boy. The
youth also introduced Fish to such practices as
drinking urine and coprophagia. Fish began visiting
public baths where he could watch boys undress, and
spent a great portion of his weekends on these
visits.
By 1890, Fish had arrived in New
York City, and he said he became a male prostitute.
He also said he began raping young boys, a crime he
kept committing even after his mother arranged a
marriage. In 1898, he was married to a woman nine
years his junior. They had six children: Albert,
Anna, Gertrude, Eugene, John, and Henry Fish. He was
arrested for embezzlement and was sentenced to
incarceration in Sing Sing in 1903. He regularly had
sex with men while in prison.
Throughout 1898 he worked as a
house painter, and he said he continued molesting
children, mostly boys under six. He later recounted
an incident in which a male lover took him to a
waxworks museum, where Fish was fascinated by a
bisection of a penis; soon after, he developed a
morbid interest in castration. During a relationship
with a mentally retarded man, Fish attempted to
castrate him after tying him up. The man became
frightened and fled. Fish then began intensifying
his visits to brothels where he could be whipped and
beaten more often.
In January 1917, his wife left
him for John Straube, a handyman who boarded with
the Fish family. Following this rejection, Fish
began to hear voices; for example, he once wrapped
himself up in a carpet, explaining that he was
following the instructions of John the Apostle.
Early attacks and attempted abductions
Fish committed what may have been
his first attack on a child named Thomas Bedden in
Wilmington, Delaware in 1910. Afterward, he stabbed
a mentally retarded boy around 1919 in Georgetown,
Washington, D.C.. Consistently, many of his intended
victims would be either mentally retarded or African-American,
because, he believed, these would not be missed.
On July 11, 1924 Fish found eight-year-old
Beatrice Kiel playing alone on her parents' Staten
Island farm. He offered her money to come and help
him look for rhubarb in the neighboring fields. She
was about to leave the farm when her mother chased
Fish away. Fish left, but returned later to the
Kiels' barn where he tried to sleep for the night
before being discovered by Hans Kiel and told to
leave.
Grace Budd
On May 25, 1928 Edward Budd put a
classified ad in the Sunday edition of the New
York World that read: "Young man, 18, wishes
position in country. Edward Budd, 406 West 15th
Street." On May 28, 1928, Fish, then 58 years old,
visited the Budd family in Manhattan, New York City
under the pretense of hiring Edward. He introduced
himself as Frank Howard, a farmer from Farmingdale,
New York. When he arrived, Fish met Budd's younger
sister, 10-year-old Grace. Fish promised to hire
Budd and said he would send for him in a few days.
On his second visit he agreed to hire Budd, then
convinced the parents, Delia Flanagan and Albert
Budd I, to let Grace accompany him to a birthday
party that evening at his sister's home. Albert
senior was a porter for the Equitable Life Assurance
Society. Grace had a sister, Beatrice; and two other
brothers, Albert Budd II; and George Budd. Fish left
with Grace that day, but never came back.
The police arrested Charles
Edward Pope on September 5, 1930 as a suspect of the
kidnapping. He was a 66-year-old apartment house
superintendent, and he was accused by his estranged
wife. He spent 108 days in jail between his arrest
and trial on December 22, 1930.
The
letter
Seven years later, in November
1934, an anonymous letter was sent to the girl's
parents which led the police to Albert Fish. The
letter is quoted here, with all of Fish's
misspellings and grammatical errors:
Mrs. Budd was illiterate and
could not read the letter herself, so she had her
son read it instead. Fish later admitted to his
attorney that he did indeed rape Grace. Fish was a
compulsive liar, however, so this may be untrue. He
had told the police, when asked, that it "never even
entered his head" to rape the girl.
Capture
The letter was delivered in an
envelope that had a small hexagonal emblem with the
letters "N.Y.P.C.B.A." standing for "New York
Private Chauffeur's Benevolent Association". A
janitor at the company told police he had taken some
of the stationery home but left it at his rooming
house at 200 East 52nd Street when he moved out. The
landlady of the rooming house said that Fish had
checked out of that room a few days earlier. She
said that Fish's son sent him money and he had asked
her to hold his next check for him. William F. King,
the lead investigator, waited outside the room until
Fish returned. He agreed to go to the headquarters
for questioning, but at the street door lunged at
King with a razor in each hand. King disarmed Fish
and took him to police headquarters. Fish made no
attempt to deny the Grace Budd murder, saying that
he had meant to go to the house to kill Edward Budd,
Grace's brother.
Postcapture discoveries
Billy Gaffney
A child named Billy Gaffney was
playing in the hallway outside of his family's
apartment in Brooklyn with his friend, Billy Beaton
on February 11, 1927. Both of the boys disappeared,
but the friend was found on the roof of the
apartment house. When asked what happened to Gaffney,
Beaton said "the boogey man took him." Initially
Peter Kudzinowski was a suspect in the murder of
Billy Gaffney. Then, Joseph Meehan, a motorman on a
Brooklyn trolley, saw a picture of Fish in the
newspaper and identified him as the old man that he
saw February 11, 1927, who was trying to quiet a
little boy sitting with him on the trolley. The boy
wasn't wearing a jacket and was crying for his
mother and was dragged by the man on and off the
trolley. Police matched the description of the child
to Billy Gaffney. Gaffney's body was never
recovered. Billy's mother visited Fish in Sing Sing
to try and get more details of her son's death. Fish
confessed the following:
Previous incarceration
Fish married on February 6, 1930
at Waterloo, New York to "Mrs. Estella Wilcox" and
divorced after one week. Fish had been arrested in
May 1930 for "sending an obscene letter to an
African American woman who answered an advertisement
for a maid." He had been sent to the Bellevue
psychiatric hospital in 1930 and 1931 for
observation, following his arrests.
Trial and execution
The trial of Albert Fish for the
premeditated murder of Grace Budd began on Monday,
March 11, 1935, in White Plains, New York with
Frederick P. Close as judge, and Chief Assistant
District Attorney, Elbert F. Gallagher, as the
prosecuting attorney. James Dempsey was Fish's
defense attorney. The trial lasted for ten days.
Fish pleaded insanity, and claimed to have heard
voices from God telling him to kill children.
Several psychiatrists testified about Fish's sexual
fetishes, including coprophilia, urophilia,
pedophilia and masochism, but there was disagreement
as to whether these activities meant he was insane.
The defense's chief expert witness was Fredric
Wertham, a psychiatrist with a focus on child
development who conducted psychiatric examinations
for the New York criminal courts; Wertham stated
that Fish was insane. Another defense witness was
Mary Nicholas, Fish's 17-year-old stepdaughter. She
described how Fish taught her and her brothers and
sisters a "game" involving overtones of masochism
and child molestation. The jury found him to be sane
and guilty, and the judge ordered the death sentence.
After being sentenced Fish
confessed to the murder of eight-year-old Francis X.
McDonnell, killed on Staten Island. Francis was
playing on the front porch of his home near Port
Richmond, Staten Island in July 15, 1924. Francis's
mother saw an "old man" walk by clenching and
unclenching his fists. He walked past without saying
anything. Later in the day, the old man was seen
again, but this time he was watching Francis and his
friends play. Francis' body was found in the woods
near where a neighbor had seen Francis and the "old
man" going earlier that afternoon. He had been
assaulted and strangled with his suspenders.
Fish arrived in March of 1935,
and was executed on January 16, 1936, in the
electric chair at Sing Sing. He entered the chamber
at 11:06 p.m. and was pronounced dead three minutes
later. He was buried in the Sing Sing Prison
Cemetery. He was recorded to have said that
electrocution would be "the supreme thrill of my
life". Just before the switch was flipped, he stated
"I don't even know why I am here." Legend has it,
that his execution took longer, due to the numerous
needles inserted into his privates which disrupted
the flow of electricity.
Victims known
Other possible victims
Fish denied involvement with any
other murders. However he was a suspect in three
other murders. Detective William King believed Fish
may have been the "Brooklyn vampire", a rapist and
murderer who mainly preyed on children. They were:
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